CORRELATION AND REGRESSION ANALYSIS ON ROAD ACCIDENT AND DEATH OCCURRENCES (A case study of Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) Benue State, Nigeria, 2006-2013)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Certification. iii

Dedication. iv

Acknowledgementv

Table of Contents. vi

List of Tables. ix

Abstractx

CHAPTER ONE.. 1

1.0 Background of the Study. 1

1.1 Statement of the Problem.. 3

1.2 Significance of the Study. 4

1.3 Aims and Objectives of the Study. 5

1.4 Scope and Limitation of the Study. 6

1.5 Source of Statistical Data. 7

1.6 Brief Historical Background of Federal Road Safety Commission. 8

1.7 The Achievements of FRSC.. 9

1.8 The Working Hypothesis. 10

1.9 Definition of Related Terms. 11

1.10 Abbreviation used and their Meaning. 13

CHAPTER TWO.. 14

2.0 Literature Review.. 14

2.1 Historical Background of Correlation and Regression Analysis. 18

2.2 Purpose of Regression Analysis. 19

2.3 Correlation Analysis. 20

2.4 Types of Correlation. 21

2.5 Difference between Correlation and Regression. 22

CHAPTER THREE.. 24

3.0 Research Methodology. 24

3.1 Data Collection. 24

3.2 Types of Data. 24

3.3 Sources of Data. 25

3.4 Choice between Primary and Secondary Data. 27

3.5 Regression Equation. 28

3.6 Method of Fitting Regression Line. 29

3.7 Characteristics of Regression Line. 34

3.8 Standard Error of Estimate and Residuals. 35

3.9 Hypothesis Testing in Simple Linear Regression. 36

3.10 Confidence Interval for Estimate of Linear Regression. 38

3.11 Types of Scatter Diagram.. 38

3.12 Methods of Calculating Correlation Coefficient r41

3.13 Characteristics and Interpretation of Coefficient of Correlation r43

3.14 Coefficient of Determination r²44

3.15 Difference between r² and r44

3.16 Test of the Significance of Association. 45

CHAPTER FOUR.. 46

4.0 Presentation and Analysis of Data. 46

4.1 Data Presentation. 46

4.2 Estimation of Regression Equation and Estimated Residual56

4.3 Standard Error Estimate. 57

4.4 Hypothesis Testing in Simple Linear Regression. 59

4.5 Estimation of Correlation Coefficient61

4.6 Karl Pearsons Product Moment Correlation CoEfficient62

4.7 Coefficient of Determination. 63

4.8 Test of Hypothesis on Correlation Coefficient64

4.9 Standard Error Estimate. 69

4.10 Hypothesis Testing in Simple Linear Regression. 70

4.11 Test of Hypothesis on Correlation Coefficient74

CHAPTER FIVE.. 76

5.0 Findings, Conclusion and Recommendation. 76

5.1 Findings. 76

5.2 Conclusion. 78

5.3 Recommendation. 78

References. 80

ABSTRACT

This study is geared towards the rate of accident and death occurrence in Osun State with a view of fitting regression line and correlation coefficient to describe the situations. The data covers five years period from 20012005. Chapter one discussed the background of the study, purpose of the study and its objective, scope, significance, limitation of the study, statement of the problem and sources of statistician data. Chapter two deals with literature review. Chapter three contains the research methodology, Data collection and tools to work with testing for the hypothesis, confidence interval for estimating the linear regression, method of calculating correlation coefficient r, coefficient of determination and testing for the significance of the association. Chapter four comprises the whole analysis of the data presentation, working examples on the above tools, interpretation at the end of each test. Chapter five involves the summary of findings, conclusion and recommendation of the study.